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304 HISTORY OF DENTAL SUEGERY
Both Delabarre and Ev;ins liinl devised and made use of short tubes soldered
to bands for rotating purposes, hut Harris seems to have been the first to
employ knobs soldered to bands for the same purpose.
Westcott— (1859)' devised an appliance of metal for both lateral and
anterior expansion of tlie upper arch. The latter operation was acconiplislied
liy the use of four individual jack-screws (one for each incisor) attached to
n bar extending across tlie arch. The pointed ends of the screws rested in shal-
low pits drilled in the lingual surfaces of the teeth. Dr. Westcott, who had
devoted many years to the regulation of teeth and had gained much experi-
ence thereby, formulated a number of rules to govern a practitioner in deciding
upon the acceptance and carrying forward of a case of regulating. In brief,
they were as follows
1. Does the patient or parents or uii:(nli;ui fully appreciate the uature and im-
portance of the proposed operation?
2. Consider well the health anil eonstitiitiuii of the patient.
3. Never curtail any effort for fear that it might cause you financial loss.
4. Take inipres-sions and study the case well.
5. Set the price before you betjin and require at least one-half payment in ad-
vance.
6. Do not be discouraged by diflicidties that may arise, but persevere until you
succeed.
Tomes in the edition of his "Dental Surgery," published in 1859, treats
extensively of irregularity, its causes and various forms, and describes several
kinds of apparatus to be used, hut tiiey differ only slightly from those employed
liy his predecessors and exhibit no advantage in the mechanical principles
involved.
E. TI. Anoell (18fiO) in n Irngtliy and interesting paper = contributes sev-
eral Mihiablc and advanced ideas u])()n the subject of regulating. He describes
in full detail the eruption of the various members of the permanent set. Be-
ginning witii the first nmlars. l;e says:
"These teeth, four in number, are the first of the permanent set to take their
positions in tlie month, and are usually fully developed and admirably articu-
lated before any of the primary teeth have fallen from their sockets. Nature
has thus, in her munificent wisdom, provided <7 sure and unerring guide to the
rorrrrt occlusion ence of these organs, correct articulation is preserved, while without them there
is no securitv against deformity and distortion of the features."
' Dental. Cosmos, Vol. I. p. 60.
' Dental Cosmos, Vol. I, pp. 540 anil 51Ht. Copied from San Francisco Medical Press.
304 HISTORY OF DENTAL SUEGERY
Both Delabarre and Ev;ins liinl devised and made use of short tubes soldered
to bands for rotating purposes, hut Harris seems to have been the first to
employ knobs soldered to bands for the same purpose.
Westcott— (1859)' devised an appliance of metal for both lateral and
anterior expansion of tlie upper arch. The latter operation was acconiplislied
liy the use of four individual jack-screws (one for each incisor) attached to
n bar extending across tlie arch. The pointed ends of the screws rested in shal-
low pits drilled in the lingual surfaces of the teeth. Dr. Westcott, who had
devoted many years to the regulation of teeth and had gained much experi-
ence thereby, formulated a number of rules to govern a practitioner in deciding
upon the acceptance and carrying forward of a case of regulating. In brief,
they were as follows
1. Does the patient or parents or uii:(nli;ui fully appreciate the uature and im-
portance of the proposed operation?
2. Consider well the health anil eonstitiitiuii of the patient.
3. Never curtail any effort for fear that it might cause you financial loss.
4. Take inipres-sions and study the case well.
5. Set the price before you betjin and require at least one-half payment in ad-
vance.
6. Do not be discouraged by diflicidties that may arise, but persevere until you
succeed.
Tomes in the edition of his "Dental Surgery," published in 1859, treats
extensively of irregularity, its causes and various forms, and describes several
kinds of apparatus to be used, hut tiiey differ only slightly from those employed
liy his predecessors and exhibit no advantage in the mechanical principles
involved.
E. TI. Anoell (18fiO) in n Irngtliy and interesting paper = contributes sev-
eral Mihiablc and advanced ideas u])()n the subject of regulating. He describes
in full detail the eruption of the various members of the permanent set. Be-
ginning witii the first nmlars. l;e says:
"These teeth, four in number, are the first of the permanent set to take their
positions in tlie month, and are usually fully developed and admirably articu-
lated before any of the primary teeth have fallen from their sockets. Nature
has thus, in her munificent wisdom, provided <7 sure and unerring guide to the
rorrrrt occlusion
is no securitv against deformity and distortion of the features."
' Dental. Cosmos, Vol. I. p. 60.
' Dental Cosmos, Vol. I, pp. 540 anil 51Ht. Copied from San Francisco Medical Press.
