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HISTOIJY OF DENTAL SURGERY 305

Later he advances, for the first time on record, the opening of the median
snturc to provide space in the arch to accommodate teeth not occupying their
nonnal positions. To illustrate his method of operating in such cases he de-
scribes in detail the successive steps taken and appliances used in bringing an
outstanding cuspid into line. Noteworthy
among tliese is a jack-screw, with a right
hand thread at one end of the shaft and ;i
left hand thread at the otiier, with a square
center, as shown in Fig. 18. Another inter- Double Acting Screw Appliance
[Angell] (W)
esting device is one by which he moves teeth
posteriofly in the line of the arch, using a screw, nut and tube to supply power
and a swaged metal plate fitting the roof of the mouth for resistance. This
is shown in Fig. 19. The tube is soldered horizontally to a band or clasp sur-
rounding the tooth to be moved, while the nut is soldered to the plate some
distance away, the screw operating between the two. Its resemblance, in gen-
eral feature, to some more modern ap-
pliances is noticeable.
X. W. KiNOSLEY. who in 1S71 be-
gan the publication in the Dental Cos-
mos of occasional papers on regulating
and palatal deformities, culminated his
effoi'ts in tliese special lines by pnblisli-
ing, in 1R80, his work on "Oral De-
formities." It was not only the first
American woi'k published upon the sub- Fig. 19
ject of irregularities and cognate sub- Metal Plate and Screw for Eetractioa
jects, but the first in the world in which [Angell] (W)
(he subject was comprehensively and scientifically treated. Comprising, as it
did, not only the results of his own labors and devisings but also a summary
of the efforts of those who had preceded him, it attracted attention as had
never been done before to the importance of this special branch of dental prac-
tice. In addition, it proved a real benefaction to the limited number of those
who had begun to be interested in the subject and were seeking further knowl-
edge in regard to it.
Although, as we have seen, vulcanite had pi-eviously been used in connec-
tion with appliances. Dr. Kingsley greatly widened the field of its usefulness
by employing it in a diversity of ways and forms that before had not been