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362 EXTRACTION OF TEETH. —

olus is broken off, and comes away with the tooth.
But this accident is not attended with any serious

results ; indeed, in the preparation of the mouth for
artificial teeth, it is desirable that it be broken away

somewhat.
The movement in the extraction of a tooth should
always be very deliberate—never sudden and violent.
A very good criterion in regard to the rapidity of
movement, is, that the eye should follow and dis-
tinctly recognize every motion of the forceps, the
tooth, and the contiguous parts.
The removal of the roots of these teeth is far more

difficult than that of the incisors. Frequently the
gum has to be separated up two or three lines on the
alveolus, and the latter broken in with the forceps,
before the root is removed. The compound screw is
often very valuable in the removal of these roots
the simple screw not commonly being of much avail,
since the force necessary to extract the root, is gene-
rally so great that the screw alone will not take a
sufficiently firm hold to accomplish it. The elevator
is not a very efficient instrument in the removal of
these roots.

Superior Bicuspids.—For the removal of the bicus-
pid teeth of both sides, one pair of forceps is quite
sufficient (see Fig. 63). These forceps are without
any curve ; though, in a small mouth, for the second