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404 HISTOEY OF DENTAL STTiGEKY

Ontario, one in the District of Columbia, one in Iowa, one in Oliio and one in
Wisconsin.
Altliougli tliis college was legally organized under the general law of the
state in 1880, the state dental society denounced the institution in 1881, and
after the passage of the dental law in 1885, it was declared as not reputable
by the board of dental examiners of the state. The National Association of
Dental Examiners, in August, 1885, sustained the action of the Wisconsin
board. Only one of the diplomas of this college was ever presented for the
consideration of the Wisconsin board, and the holder was refused a license.
There was only one dentist in the faculty. It was stated officially that this
institution was used for the purpose of making money, by the sale of honorary
diplomas, for its founder, whose death occurred early in 1886.
Soon after this the institution received so much adverse advertising and
its graduates so much contempt, that it went out of existence so far as at-
tempting any practical work is concerned, although it is alleged that it
issued diplomas for a considerable period thereafter.
In Illinois the first charter for a dental school was obtained in 1869 for
the Chicago Dental College. It was issued to a group of gentlemen whose
names have since lieen intimately interwoven with the history of the state
and the nation. They were Horace White, A. N. Townc, Thomas Drummond,
Francis Murison, Robert Collyer, George S. Bowen, George Hibben, Eobert L.
Ray, Samuel B. Noble, John B. Rice, George H. Gushing and Robert C.
Hammell. This charter never came into active operation. Another charter
for a "Chicago Dental College" was obtained in 1878: that charter also re-
mained unused, and both of them were cancelled in 1902. The history of the
Chicago College of Dental Surgery, organized in 1883, and its successful
educational work is fully set forth in this chapter.
Under the impulse of the great demand for dental diplomas, largely under
the allurement of financial gain, there were organized in Chicago, under
charters of the state, in 1885, two dental colleges : Illinois Dental College and
the Northwestern College of Dental Surgery. In 1886 the American College
of Dental Surgery came into life. In 1887 three dental colleges were
chartered : The Northwestern Dental College of Chicago, the University Col-
lege of Dental and Oral Surgery and the University Dental College. In 1888
the German American Dental College of Chicago was organized. In 1889
the Chicago College of Dentistry came into being. In 1890 the American and
European Dental College and the United States Dental College came into
life. In 1891 the Illinois College of Dentistry was organized. In 1893 three