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78 : : DENTAL LAWS CONDENSED.

tions, the practice of medical or dental science in this country is
allowed
"4. The use in Prussia of the title of doctor, obtained at non-
German universities after April 7, 1897, is permitted only with
the consent of the Minister of Education.
Furthermore, the use of the title 'Amerikanischer Zahn-
5.
arzt' or 'American Dental Surgeon,' is prohibited according to
several decrees of the Supreme Court of Germany."
The rules governing the practice of dentistry in Germany are
as follows
"American dentists desiring to practise their profession in
German}^ are subjected to the regulations of the Reichagewer-
beordnung, a law to regulate trade of all kinds within the Empire.
According to this law, Germans and foreigners are at liberty to
practise the science of medicine and surgery and other arts
(Heilkunde), but such persons as may call themselves 'Arzt,' that
is to say 'Zahnarzt' or 'Wundarzt' (physicians and dental or other
surgeons), require an 'approbation' before being permitted to fol-
low their calling. Section 29 of the Reichagewerbeordnung pro-
vides as follows in regard to the approbation :
" 'An approbation granted on the basis of a proof of qualifi-
cation is required * * '•' by such persons as wish to call
themselves * * * Zahnarzt (dental surgeon), or who at-
tribute to themselves a similar title, or who shall be recognized as
such by a State or community, or who shall be entrusted as such
with ofBcial duties.'
"The character of the proof of qualification thus required has
been described by the Buridesrat (federal council) in its notice of
July 5, 1889, relating to the examination of dental surgeons and
published on page 417 and following pages, in the volume for
1889 of the official German gazette, entitled Zentralblatt fur das
Deutsche Reich. According to this notice, it is particularly re-
quired that the applicants be subjected to an examination.
"American dentists intending to style themselves as above
must pass an examination in Germany in accordance with the
foregoing requirements, and thereupon, if the result be favorable,
are entitled to call themselves Zahnarzt. The diplomas of Amer-
ican universities or dental schools do not suffice. Inquiry at the
office of the Hamburg Board of Health discloses the fact that the
examination just referred to is not exceedingly difficult. How-
ever, American dentists at this examination, must not merely
demonstrate a knowledge of their profession, but must also show
that they have passed the graduating examination of a public
high school which would enable the applicant to matriculate in a
university. A graduating examination of this kind would neces-