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76 DENTAL LAWS CON DENS E-D. —
"The new law provides as follows : The course of study lead-
ing to the degree of dental surgeon in France now requires five
years divided into periods, the 'stage' (two years of probationary
work in a dentist's office or a laboratory of a dental college), and
three years' actual attendance at a recognized dental college. The
applicant must produce for his initial enrollment evidence of hav-
ing completed at least a common school course. The conditions
of admitting women are somewhat more strict.
"At the end of the second year of the stage, the student must
submit to an examination of validation, which comprises first, the
execution of a design reproducing the scheme of the exterior form
and structure of one or several teeth; second, a practical test in
modeling (reproducing in wax, plaster, wood, or ivory several
teeth) of the mouth; third, making an artificial denture (the exe-
cution of a device including metallic parts stamped and soldered)
;
fourth, questions on physics, chemistry, mechanics and metal-
lurgy, as applied to the dental art. An oral test of half an hour
is also given.
"The second period of the course is known as the scolarite,
requires three years, and includes in brief the following branches :
First year.—Elements of anatomy, physiology and bacteriology,
asepsis and antisepsis, complete anatomy of the teeth, their de-
velopment and articulation with the maxillaries ; also operative
and mechanical dentistry. Second year.—Elements of medical
dentistry, ausculation of the heart, odontology and hygiene of the
mouth. The w'ork of the second year is completed with practical
exercises in dental clinics and laboratory work. Third year.
Dental clinics, dental operations and mechanical dentistry, as well
as practical work in different phases of the dental art.
"Examinations A candidate for the degree of dental surgeon
:
must successfully pass three examinations, one at the end of each
school year, covering the work done during that period. The
French diploma of dental surgeon is issued by the Faculty of
Medicine of Paris, Lyons, Bordeaux and Nancy. Proper credit
on the examinations is given for work done in hospitals under the
supervision of the faculty. Graduate dentists from foreign coun-
tries desiring to practise in France are required to pass the exam-
inations prescribed in the decree. They may obtain a total re-
lease from the stage, and a partial release from the scolarite
course upon the recommendation of the consulting board of pub-
lic instruction, which bases its decisions largely upon the candi-
date's credentials and scholastic attainments. Dental surgeons
are obliged to register at the prefecture, and at the record ofifice
of the civil tribunal of their arrondissement within a month after
their establishment in business. Foreign dental students and
those desiring to practise in France, are subjected to the same
requirements as native students and practitioners ; furthermore,