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REVIEW OF DENTISTRY. 243

ways, and several cases have been brought up in the courts con-
cerning- the unlawful practice of dentistry. Before 1844 the ex-
clusive privilege of the authorized dentist to insert artificial teeth
was uncontested by all concerned; but this year the Chancelly,
in a case before the courts, ruled that manufacturing and insert-
ing of artificial teeth should be considered as a "free trade." The
Department of Justice has up to date upheld this ruling, and this
has resulted in the forming of a separate class or corporation of
"Tandteknikere." This corporation was, in 1873, registered at
Copenhagen as Forfserdigere af Kunstige Taender (makers or
manufacturers of artificial teeth).
The question naturally arose, whether it was necessary for
these Forfaerdigere af Kunstige Taender to possess any medical
knowledge, and during the handling of these cases in the courts,
it has been clearly proven that they must constantly violate the
laws, as they necessarily must prepare the mouth by extracting,
filing, cutting, etc., before they could insert any artificial teeth,
although they were not permitted to undertake any operations
at all.
In this connection it might be noted that according to an
opinion given by the Department of Justice, June 14, 1881, the
title Tandlaege (dentist) is not under the laws of Denmark re-
served for the regularly authorized dentists.
As before intimated, the dental education in Denmark is
under the supervision of the Church and Instruction Depart-
ment; but the practice of dentistry in other respects, is consid-
ered as a part of the Civil Medical Board and comes under the
jurisdiction of the Royal Collegium of Health.
[Note.—The above is from a sketch of V. Haderup, M. D., of Copenhagen,
published in Skandinaviska Ta7idlakare-F'6re7iingens Tidskrift, March, 1892.]
The first person to receive license to practice dentistry in
Denmark, was Johan Christoph Folman, oculist and dentist. His
license was issued in the year 1701, during the reign of Frederik
IV., and he was authorized to practice in all parts of the country.
The next license was issued January 3, 1716, to Salomon Poul-
sen von Quoten; but his field of operation was limited to Copen-
hagen. Next after him came, in 1722, Creutzhaler and Scarpetta.
Johan Gotfried Conradi is named as the first court dentist or
"court tooth operator." He was engaged as dentist at the court
of King Christian VII.