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70 INSTRUMENTS AND APPLIANCES

round, oval, square, oblong or parallel-
ogram, triangular, or foot-shaped (Fig.

89). (2) Amalgam Plugger. For
packing and condensing amalgam a
larger size plugger is indicated, the se-
lection depending on the size and
shape of the cavity (Fig. 90). The

amalgam plugger should be serrated to
obtain the best results, though many

with smooth faces (burnishers) are
manufactured. Amalgam pluggers,
as well as gold pluggers, are made in
cone socket or long handle, with all

forms of angle in the shank (Fig. 91).
(b) Burnisher.—An instrument de-
signed for burnishing and smoothing
the surface of a filling and for inserting
cement, gutta-percha and amalgam

into cavities (Figs. 92, 93, and 94).
Burnishers are made of steel, agate,
blood-stone, ivory, stellite and tanta-
lum. For burnishing the surfaces of
fillings, steel is the best material, while

for working cements, instruments
made of some of the other materials
may be utilized. The silicate cements
do not allow of contact with steel, so
that the agate, tantalum, ivory and

stellite instruments are used in their
manipulation. Burnishers are pri-
Fig. 87.—Diagrammatic
illustration showing serra- marily hand instruments, but they
tions in the nibs of the round
instruments in the Black set are also made to be used in the
of pluggers.
engine hand piece for burnish-