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HlSl^ORY OF DENTAL SURGERY 149

In order to stimulate the members of the corps to be studious and pro-
gressive, a system of examinations and promotions should be established. In
order to accomplish this the corps must be commissioned and a sufficient num-
ber of higher grades established to make the prize worth working for.
The results of the examinations by our board have shown very conclusively
that the colleges need to spend more time upon the theoretical subjects of the
curriculum than they are now doing if they would thoroughly prepare their
graduates for army dental practice. This was shown by the fact that nearly
all the candidates who failed in their examinations were deficient in those
subjects which are classed as the fundamentals, and of these the majority
failed in anatomy, physiology, histology, physics, metallurgy, chemistry, dental
materia medica, therapeutics, dental pathology and bacteriology, and the
principles of surgery.
These examinations, it would seem, prove very conclusively that there is
great need of raising the standard of the entrance requirements of our dental
colleges, and of lengthening the course of instruction to four years, so as to
be able to devote more time to the theoretical teaching. Our motto in dental
education should, therefore, be "Excelsior."
Official letters and reports commending the services of the armv contract
dental surgeons and recommending their permanent establishment on a com-
missioned basis are on file in the war department from the following and
other officers
Colonel L. M. Maus, Surgeon, I^. S. A.
Doctor Fitzgerald, an old army surgeon who served in the Spanish-Ameri-
can wai'.
Major W. 0. Owen, surgeon, U. S. A.
Thomas B. Latimer, ex-army surgeon.
Major R. L. Fitzgerald, chief surgeon. Eighth Army Corps.
Colonel George F. Chase, commanding Twelfth Cavalry.
Colonel Marion P. Maus, Twentieth Infantry, U. S. A.
Surgeon-General O'Reilly, IT. S. A.
General John C. Rates, "u. S. A.
Surgeon-General Sternberg, U. S. A.
Major-General Fred D. Grant, U. S. A.
Brigadier-General George M. Randall, IT. S. A.
The dental surgeons have by their treatment relieved and also prevented
an untold amount of acute suffering, and have thereby added greatly to the
comfort and military efficiency of the army. They have been the means of
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