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HISTOKY OF DENTAL SUKC4ERY 125
select a word from each vernacular language, wbich should be as nearly exactly trans-
latable as possible.
Fifth: Adopt such geueral and specific rules employed in the other sciences as
may be adapted to dental nomenclature.
Sixth: Create such specific rules for the naming of things discovered in the future
as will secure their universal use and prevent the duplication of terms.
Seventh: JIake rules for translation of names arising in one language which,
from form or other reasons cannot be used in some other language.
la this same congress Dr. Garrett Xewkirk, then of Chicago, presented
a paper devoted exclusively to the nomenclatitre relating to forms of the
dental arch and special positions of the teeth.
In 1895 a report on nomenclature was made to the American Dental
Association hy Dr. S. H. Guilford, of Philadelphia. In this, stress is laid
upon the fact that a new art or science develops more rapidly than it is pos-
sible to coin words with which the ideas developed can be properly and cor-
rectly expressed. The committee suggested
"Terms that are scientifically incorrect should be discarded at once and
correct ones substituted. Those that are not absolutely incorrect may be
tolerated for a while longer, but for the new ones which must necessarily be
introduced from time to time, this association should establish a standard
or code, and use its great influence in securing its approval and adoption by
the profession in this country at least."
The desirability for a system of nomenclature which should be inter-
national in its character, was accentuated, but it was urged that at present
an attempt to accomplish this would not be well timed, but that if a system
could be devised and adopted f(ir this country that should be based scien-
tifically and meet our wants, that such a system would eventually become
the vogue everywhere. The committee called attention to the ditKculty of
framing a satisfactory code in nomenclature by the use of anv living lan-
guage, as these are constantly undergoing changes and are not universally
understood; and they concluded for this reason that the Latin or Greek
languages alone are available for this purpose, as these are finished.
The committee commended the nomenclature in descriptive anatomy of
the teeth suggested by Dr. Black, but intinuited that some modifications of
that plan might be necessary later; and that inasmuch as the four surfaces
of the crown of a tooth in this terminology end in "al," a word with
tlie
same ending for the fifth, or antagonizing surface, should be adopted.
"Whether this shall be 'occlusal' for the bicuspids and molars, and 'incisal'
for the incisors, as suggested by Dr. Black, or 'morsal" for all. as proposed
HISTOKY OF DENTAL SUKC4ERY 125
select a word from each vernacular language, wbich should be as nearly exactly trans-
latable as possible.
Fifth: Adopt such geueral and specific rules employed in the other sciences as
may be adapted to dental nomenclature.
Sixth: Create such specific rules for the naming of things discovered in the future
as will secure their universal use and prevent the duplication of terms.
Seventh: JIake rules for translation of names arising in one language which,
from form or other reasons cannot be used in some other language.
la this same congress Dr. Garrett Xewkirk, then of Chicago, presented
a paper devoted exclusively to the nomenclatitre relating to forms of the
dental arch and special positions of the teeth.
In 1895 a report on nomenclature was made to the American Dental
Association hy Dr. S. H. Guilford, of Philadelphia. In this, stress is laid
upon the fact that a new art or science develops more rapidly than it is pos-
sible to coin words with which the ideas developed can be properly and cor-
rectly expressed. The committee suggested
"Terms that are scientifically incorrect should be discarded at once and
correct ones substituted. Those that are not absolutely incorrect may be
tolerated for a while longer, but for the new ones which must necessarily be
introduced from time to time, this association should establish a standard
or code, and use its great influence in securing its approval and adoption by
the profession in this country at least."
The desirability for a system of nomenclature which should be inter-
national in its character, was accentuated, but it was urged that at present
an attempt to accomplish this would not be well timed, but that if a system
could be devised and adopted f(ir this country that should be based scien-
tifically and meet our wants, that such a system would eventually become
the vogue everywhere. The committee called attention to the ditKculty of
framing a satisfactory code in nomenclature by the use of anv living lan-
guage, as these are constantly undergoing changes and are not universally
understood; and they concluded for this reason that the Latin or Greek
languages alone are available for this purpose, as these are finished.
The committee commended the nomenclature in descriptive anatomy of
the teeth suggested by Dr. Black, but intinuited that some modifications of
that plan might be necessary later; and that inasmuch as the four surfaces
of the crown of a tooth in this terminology end in "al," a word with
tlie
same ending for the fifth, or antagonizing surface, should be adopted.
"Whether this shall be 'occlusal' for the bicuspids and molars, and 'incisal'
for the incisors, as suggested by Dr. Black, or 'morsal" for all. as proposed
