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286 OPERATIVE DfiNTISTHY
nerve before it enters the pulp of an individual tooth by injecting
deeply into the alveolus. There are two injections in this method.
They are the pericemental and the subperiosteal, or intraosseous.
Tlie Pericemental Injection has been the most widely used of all
the methods of local anesthesia up to this time, for the reason that
it requires the minimum amount of the drugs used. This is a point

Fig. 155.—First and ideal position for giving the menial iujccuuu. a rcprescnls the posi-
tion of puncturing the soft tissues. With fleshy patients the syringe barrel will of necessity
have to be more anterior.

of great importance in the use of cocaine. However, with the ad-
vent of novocain the method will be used less frequently, owing
to the liability of infection. The method has been useful in sur-
gery, in extracting teeth, due to the accompanying infiltration of
surrounding tissues. The needle should be short, say one-fourtli
of an inch, and of twenty-eight or twenty-nine gauge.