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234 world's history and

AUSTRIA-HUNGARY.

(empire.)

Area, 240,942 square miles. Population, 41,076,804.
Capital, Vienna; population, 1,355,255.
Until the year 1873 every practicing dentist was required to be
"Magister der Zahnheilkunde"; this degree being conferred upon
the graduate by the State.
At that time every person desiring to practice the profession
of dentistry was required to be "Doctor Universal Medicinae"
(Doctor of Medicine).
"Der Zahntechniker" or "Zahnkiinstler" was still permitted to
make artificial dentures, but all necessary preliminary operations
were to be performed by the " Doctor Universal Medicinae." It

seems, however, that this law hardly can be, and not always is,
observed
The number of dentists, as below, we have taken from
"Dental Kalender fur Deutschland Oesterreich-Ungarn und die
Schweiz":
In Vienna: Dentists or Zahnarzte, 86; Zahntechniker, 81.
Oesterreich unter der Enns (population, 2,330,621): Dentists
(Zahnarzte), 6; Zahntechniker, 2.
Oesterreich ob der Enns (population, 770,553): Zahnarzte, 4;

Zahntechniker, 5.
Salzburg (population, 167,569): Zahnarzte, 4; Zahntechniker, 1.
Steiermark (population, 1,242,833): Zahnarzte, 12; Zahntech-
niker, 4.
Karnthen (population, 355,744): Zahnarzte, 4; Zahntech-
niker, 2.
Krain (population, 490,680): Zahnarzte, 2.
Ktistenland, including Triest, Gorz, Gradiska, Istrien (popula-
tion, 672,307): Zahnarzte, 5; Zahntechniker, 3.
Dalmatien (population, 500,535): Zahnarzte, 2.
Tirol-Vorarlberg (population, 809,112): Zahnarzte, 10; Zahn-
techniker, 8.
Bohmen (population, 5,697,909): Zahnarzte, 37; Zahntech-
niker, 73.