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REVIEW OF DENTISTRY. 7

the art and science. Dr. Hayden's previous education was hardly-
calculated to further his professional career, but being a man of
considerable energy and ability, he, by dint of hard study, soon
mastered his text-books, applying himself sincerely to anntomy,
physiology, surgery and general medicine. His proficiency in
these studies soon attracted the attention of the medical profes-
sion, both locally and generally, and secured him a recognition
in the latter profession, having merited the honorary degree of
'Doctor of Medicine' by both the University of Maryland and
the Jefferson College of Philadelphia. He was one of the found-
ers of the Baltimore College of Dental Surgery and also of the
American Society of Surgeon Dentists, and one of the editors of
the America?i Journal of Dental Science, the first dental period-
ical ever issued. He died January 26, 1844, at the age of seventy-
five."
In 1805 Edward Hudson* arrived from Dublin, Ireland, where
he had acquired a thorough dental education. He practiced the
profession in Philadelphia. He was born in 1772, and died in
I833-
Another pioneer in the field of dentistry was John Randall,f
born in 1773. He graduated at Harvard, in the class of 1802, and
studied medicine with Dr. John Jefferis, of Boston, but soon
began the study of dentistry and in due time established himself
in Boston. Dr. Randall died in 1843.
In 1807 Leonard Koecker,*J born in Hanover, in 1785, arrived
in America. He was at first engaged as commercial agent for an
English company, but soon failed, and then drifted into the prac-
tice of dentistry, having before that time gained some knowledge
in this branch from some traveling dentist. He established him-
self in Philadelphia. He built up a lucrative practice, but, owing
to failing health left America, settled down in London, and in
1850 died, at the age of sixty-five.
Jabez Parkhurst,* born at Newark, N. J., October 4, 1764, com-
menced to practice dentistry at the age of forty-three. In 1807
he settled down in New York City, where he practiced for a
period of twenty years. He enjoyed the highest reputation as a
dentist, and succeeded in building up a very fine and lucrative
practice.

* "Dental Advertiser," Vol. II., p. 3.
t "Dental and Oral Science," by Dexter, p. 13.
% "Dental and Oral Science," by Dexter, p. 15.