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380 EXTRACTION OF TEETH.

Physic's forceps may be used here with greater
facility than on the upper teeth.
These teeth frequently exhibit but a very small
portion of the crown through the gum. Being
erupted with an anterior inclination, the tooth comes
in contact with the posterior portion of the second
molar, and is thus checked in its external develop-
ment. Thus the crown is left partially covered with
the gum, which frequently inflames, and even sup-

purates, remaining in that condition for a consider-
able time, to the great annoyance of the patient.
first, because of
Such teeth are difficult to remove ;
their inclination and contact with the second molar
and secondly, because the crown is more than half
below the borders of the thick, firm alveolus, render-
ing it impossible to obtain a firm hold of the tooth,
without cutting away a portion of the alveolus. In
such cases, it is generally best to make a free excision
of the alveolus all round the tooth, sufficient to per-

mit its easy removal.

EXTRACTION PREPARATORY TO THE INSERTION OF
ARTIFICIAL DENTURES.

Whenever there is a number of teeth to be re-
moved, the method and the duration of the operation
will depend on the following circumstances: first, the