Page 54 - My FlipBook

FLOWERLESS PLANTS—Cryptogams, which reproduce
by spores.
Leafy Cryptogams—form stems, leaves
f
CRYPTOGAMS
-j
Thallophytes—do not form stems, leaves
[ or roots.
Form threads of simple cells
f
placed end to end, or ex-
I
panded masses of simple
. . J
^^^
cells. They have chloro-
I
phyl and require sunlight
I
THALLOPHYTES ^, [ for growth.
Form threads of various
f
shapes have no chloro-
P . J ;
^^^g^
phyl and do not require
I
sunlight for -growth.
L
1 Mushrooms.
-TT 1 ^ rx., 1 r •
Hyphomycetes— Thread fungi i a/TqI^-i^
Mixomycetes—Slime Molds.
FUNGI -! Blastomycetes—Budding Fungi. Yeasts multi-
ply by budding and by spores.
Schyzomycetes—Micro-organisms. Multiply by
fission and by spores.
[
Now we may recapitulate at a little more length.
The Phanerogams and Cryptogams are the flowering
plants and the flowerless plants. Here the division is based
upon the mode of multiphcation, the flowering plants multi-
plying by seeds and the flowerless plants multiplying by
spores.
,
What is the difiference between a seed and a spore? In
the seed the plumule of the future plant exists already
formed. If you cut a grain of corn through the heart, as it

is termed, and examine it microscopically, you will find a lit-
tle bud, or plumule, as it is called, of the future plant already
formed, with its little bits of leaves marked out, its root end
marked out. This is the embryo plant. But if you examine
a spore no such differentiation has occurred ; there is no
evidence of any form of the future plant whatever ; it is a
simple cell without differentiation of parts. This constitutes
the difference between the seed and the spore. All of the
flowering plants, then, multiply by seed, while the flowerless
plants multiply by spores.
The Cryptogams are divided into the leafy Cryptogams
and the Thallophytes.
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