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BUD-FUXGI. 347 ;

Saccharomvces mvcoderma, Mycoderma viiii (Cienkowski).
Monilia Candida, etc. Pkiut's numerous experiments lead him
to conckide that Saccharomvces mj'coderma and the thrush-
fungus are not identieak " The former produces but minute
fermentation, during which the cells die ; it readily forms spores
its cells are somewhat spindle-shaped or ellipsoidal; it cannot
produce thrush when inoculated into hens in pure culture. The
thrush-fungus, on the other hand, excites pronounced fermenta-
tion, during which it grows exuberantly, forms no spores, shows
somewhat spherical cells, and is able to call forth pronounced
cases of thrush when transmitted to the crops of chickens." My
own observations coincide with the above. Cultures of both
these fungi on the same nutrient medium invariably manifested
the same differences of growth, in that Saccharomyces myco-
derma showed a constant tendency to form cylindrical cells,
whereas the thrush-fungus in my cultures, made on exactly the
same medium and in exactly the same manner, formed only
round or oval cells.
Baginsky discovered that in test-tube cultures on the surface
of the gelatine, >.e., exposed to the air, thrush-fungi form only
round or slightly oval cells, whereas those lying deeper develop
into thick mycelial threads, and those still farther down into
delicate ones. This is a phenomenon which characterizes the
growth of the fungus occurring pathologically in the tissues.
Thrush is peculiarly a disease of children or sucklings. In
adults it occurs, with very rare exceptions, only after exhausting
diseases, when the mucous membrane has completely lost its
power of resistance, or on the vaginal mucous membrane of
pregnant women. The infection is caused by inhalation of germs
from the air (the fungus of thrush being rather widely distrib-
uted), or more commonly by contact with infected objects. In
children the infection is chiefly due to unclean sucking-bottles,
sucking-bags, sugar-teats, etc., which, particularly when the con-
tents are undergoing fermentation, furnish most excellent nutri-
ent media for bud-fungi. According to Hausmann, the transmis-
sion of the disease from the vagina of the mother may also occur
at the time of delivery.
The neglect to keep the mouth in a proper state of cleanliness