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203 HISTOEY OF DENTAL SUEGEEY

Dr. E. A. Bogue, at tlie same meeting-, said that a young lady came to him
with conspicuous cavities in central and lateral incisors. She had had gold fill-
ings removed because of tlieir unsightliness and Hill's stopping substituted.
Dr. Bogue ground pieces of porcelain of the right color, carefully fitting them
to the cavities, and set them with gum mastic by pressing to place with a hot
iron. He wished to know if anyone could tell him how long they would last.
Dr. Hawes, at the same meeting, described grinding porcelain to fit some
large labial cavities and setting them with oxychloride of zinc.
Porcelain restorations of central incisors were shown by Dr. C. B. Parker
in the clinic of the First District Dental Society of New York. These were
pieces of artificial teeth, ground to fit and cemented on, probably with the help
of pins. The pulps were alive. ("Cosmos," Vol. XXYIII, p. 426-39, 1886.)
Dr. E. A. Bogue described restoring a bicusoid with the outer cusp broken
away from the sulcus to above the gum margin. A cuspid tooth was ground
to fit, a bar soldered across the ends of pins and the tooth cut so as to carry
this loop (a cross pin tooth) over a projecting point of dentine. The whole
was supported with a tight fitting jDlatinum band matrix and filled in carefully
with amalgam, the matrix being removed the next day. (Same Vol. pp. 504-5.)
Dr. W. Storer Howe, before describing in detail the grinding, fitting and
cementing of circular inlays in labial cavities, enumerates the persons who had
previously suggested or described the inlaying of cavities with pieces of por-
celain. He says : "It was first suggested by Dr. B. Wood in the "Dental Co.s-
mos" of December, 1862, subsequently Dr. George T. Moffatt, "Cosmos," July,
1860: Dr. C. J. Essig, "Cosmos," May, 1871: Dr. M. H. Webb, "Cosmos/'
Kovember, 18T2, June, 1873, November and December, 1879, and also in
May, 1882 (giving credit to Dr. F. Hickman as of date of 1870) ; Dr. C. H.
Mack"s patent of 1873; Dr. S. D. Rambo, "Cosmos," April, 1882; Dr. C. H.
Land's patent, December, 1887 ; and Dr. A. H. Thompson, "Western Dental
Journal," of May, 1888: all set forth various ways and means by which dental
inlaying and partial restoration with pieces of porcelain had been and might
be accomplished." ("Cosmos" 1888, Vol. XXX, pp. 542-47.)
Dr. A. H. Thompson read a paper at the twenty-fifth anniversary of the
Chicago Dental Society, ("Cosmos," Vol. XXXI, pp. 175-77, in 1889) entitled
"Gum-Colored Porcelain Fillings." These were for cervical cavities extending
above the enamel line and were made by grinding pieces of gum teeth to fit
the cavities and coloring with vermillion the cement with which they were set.
In the discussion Dr. Thomas of Des Moines Iowa, said that his method was to
burnish tliin platinum into the cavity to form a matrix in whicli the porcelain