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386 DENTAL MEDICINE. —

is also administered in chronic diarrhoea and dysentery, enlarged
heart without valvular lesion, gonorrhoea, acne rosacea, etc., etc.
It is very serviceable in the hemorrhagic diathesis where there is
a want of tonicity of the vessels ; also used in epistaxis, uterine,
renal and intestinal hemorrhage, and in hemoptysis, bleeding of
hemorrhoids, etc.
Dose.—Of the fluid extract for internal use, foss to 5j ; of the
wine of ergot, 5j to 5ss ; of the aqueous extract dissolved in
water the hypodermic dose is gr. y^ to gr. iij.
Dental Uses.—Ergot in the form of the fluid extract Extractum
Ergotce Fluidum— is useful, as an internal remedy, in the treat-
ment of hemorrhage of the gums, and that following the extrac-
tion of teeth when it is excessive and persistent.

For Alveolar Hemorrhage.
Dr. Glassington.
B . Liquid extract of ergot .^ i^s
Dilute sulphuric acid gtt.40
Water to ^ iv-
SiGNA.—Two tablespoonfuls every half hour until hemorrhage ceases,
ESSENTIAL OILS.
The volatile or essential oils are compounds of carbon and
hydrogen, and differ from the fixed oils, which are compounds of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the molecular arrangements of
which are similar to the metallic salts and compound ethers — pos-
sessing the radicals of certain acids united with hydro-carbons.
The essential oils act as antiseptics without coagulation, and are
generally absorbers of oxygen, and such of them as the oils of
peppermint, cloves, caraway, cajeput, mustard and turpentine are
useful obtunders of hypersensitive dentine ; and some are also
very efficient germicides and antiseptics. The oil of thyme and
oil of cinnamon are generally considered to head the list of the
essential oils in antiseptic power. From experiments noticed by
Dr. Harlan, the essential oils are not miscible with water; hence
when they are used as a root-dressing they are not contaminated
or dissipated by the saliva or the mixed fluids of the mouth.
They are capable of depositing vaporizable camphors that are