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642 LOCAL ANESTHETICS AND TOOTH EXTRACTION.
is added i of 1 per cent, sodium chlorid and a small (jnantity of" 4 per
cent, tricresol. One syrinoeful, ahont u drachm, is suflicient to infil-
trate the tissues about a tooth and render its extraction ])ainless. A
drachm of the 1 :40()0 solution contains about gr. yL of cocain. The
stronijest solution employed by Schleich is a 1 : 500. A drachm of such
a solution would contain less than gr. \ of cocain. Dr. W. F. Litch
(ibid.) has pointed out that low-percentage solutions will give a safer
result than those of high percentage, even though the absolute amount
of the drug should be the same. It is seen, therefore, that the quan-
tity of menstruum in which the dose of cocain is suspended is an im-
portant consideration.
Tablets for making Schleich's solutions may be had of pharmaceu-
tists. Tablets for making the strong solution contain
I^. Cocainte hydrochl.,
S^'-k)
^
Morphinse hydrochl.,
gr.
Sodii chlorid., gr. ^.
S. Dissolve in TTL 100 of distilled water.
Almost without exception the nostrums advertised and sold under
high-sounding titles, for employment in this field, contain cocain.
Neither their names nor any information vouchsafed by their venders
give any indication of the amount of alkaloid present, and so all of
them should be tabooed. It is nothing short of criminal to employ
these nostrums without a knowledge of their exact composition.
Tropacocain (benzoyl pseudo-tropin) has been employed to render
the operation of tooth extraction painless. It possesses decided advan-
tages over cocain. It is only one-half as toxic ; has but slightly de-
pressant action upon the cardiac ganglia ; has no paralyzant action upon
the respiration ; anesthesia is more quickly produced, and its solutions
are slightly antiseptic. Solutions of the drug are made in distilled
water ; the full dose is gr. ^ to f
The reader, of course, at once draws the correct inference that
Schleich's method gives promise of safety. Applications made hypo-
dermatically of the elaborated prescription presented are not without
danger even in physiological dose.
It is necessary that the field of operation be made aseptic before
injection. The mouth should be washed repeatedly with a powerful
antiseptic, 3 per cent, pyrozone, 10 per cent, electrozone, or 3 per cent,
formaldehyd solution.
The syringe should be aseptic ; repeated washing of syringe and
points in a 25 per cent, solution of phenol sodique will serve this end
without detriment to the syringe piston or the metallic parts of the
642 LOCAL ANESTHETICS AND TOOTH EXTRACTION.
is added i of 1 per cent, sodium chlorid and a small (jnantity of" 4 per
cent, tricresol. One syrinoeful, ahont u drachm, is suflicient to infil-
trate the tissues about a tooth and render its extraction ])ainless. A
drachm of the 1 :40()0 solution contains about gr. yL of cocain. The
stronijest solution employed by Schleich is a 1 : 500. A drachm of such
a solution would contain less than gr. \ of cocain. Dr. W. F. Litch
(ibid.) has pointed out that low-percentage solutions will give a safer
result than those of high percentage, even though the absolute amount
of the drug should be the same. It is seen, therefore, that the quan-
tity of menstruum in which the dose of cocain is suspended is an im-
portant consideration.
Tablets for making Schleich's solutions may be had of pharmaceu-
tists. Tablets for making the strong solution contain
I^. Cocainte hydrochl.,
S^'-k)
^
Morphinse hydrochl.,
gr.
Sodii chlorid., gr. ^.
S. Dissolve in TTL 100 of distilled water.
Almost without exception the nostrums advertised and sold under
high-sounding titles, for employment in this field, contain cocain.
Neither their names nor any information vouchsafed by their venders
give any indication of the amount of alkaloid present, and so all of
them should be tabooed. It is nothing short of criminal to employ
these nostrums without a knowledge of their exact composition.
Tropacocain (benzoyl pseudo-tropin) has been employed to render
the operation of tooth extraction painless. It possesses decided advan-
tages over cocain. It is only one-half as toxic ; has but slightly de-
pressant action upon the cardiac ganglia ; has no paralyzant action upon
the respiration ; anesthesia is more quickly produced, and its solutions
are slightly antiseptic. Solutions of the drug are made in distilled
water ; the full dose is gr. ^ to f
The reader, of course, at once draws the correct inference that
Schleich's method gives promise of safety. Applications made hypo-
dermatically of the elaborated prescription presented are not without
danger even in physiological dose.
It is necessary that the field of operation be made aseptic before
injection. The mouth should be washed repeatedly with a powerful
antiseptic, 3 per cent, pyrozone, 10 per cent, electrozone, or 3 per cent,
formaldehyd solution.
The syringe should be aseptic ; repeated washing of syringe and
points in a 25 per cent, solution of phenol sodique will serve this end
without detriment to the syringe piston or the metallic parts of the
