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450 THE TREATMENT AND FILLING OF ROOT CANALS.

Lower Anterhr Teeth.—The forms of the canals and canal entrances
to the lower anterior teeth are shown in Figs. 427-429. The form
of })artial canal bifurcation shown in Figs. 428 and 429 is noted
frecjnently in longitudinal secttions of typical teeth.
Lover Bicuxjiiih.—The forms of the canals in the lower bicuspids
are mucli alike; the canal of the first, however, exhibits a tendency to
the dund)-bell form of entrance (Figs. 430, 431). Tortuosities of the

Fig. 430. Fig. 431.

Lower first bicuspid. Lower second bicuspid.
canal are far from uncommon, many of them of such nature as to ren-
der full and complete entrance to their ends next to impossible ; in

Fig. 432. Fig. 433. Fig. 434.

Lower bicuspids.
Fig. 432 the root was of corkscrew form, in Fig. 433 bent at right
angles, and in Fig. 434 a short crown is associated with an extremely
long and bent root.
Fig. 435.

Lower first molars.
Lower First Molar.—The lower first molar usually presents two
canals : a large open canal for the posterior root, as seen in Fig. 435,
a and b, while the anterior root presents a flat ribbon-like canal very