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194 PRELIMINARY PREPARATION OF CAVITIES, ETC.
means of gutta-percha, or with what is probably better, a thin paste of
phosphate of zinc laid over the dressing. After some days the pain will
be found diminished in many instances. The therapeusis is effected by
the absorption of these sedatives by the partially disorganized tissues.
Another method of applying cocain is to secure the cavity from the
entrance of moisture, and after desiccating the surface a saturated
pledget of vapocain, a solution of cocain in sulfuric ether, is introduced.
As evaporation of the ether takes place cocain is forced by osmosis into
the tissue. In cases of subacute sensitivity this means frequently is
efficacious, but is of little value in hypersensitive conditions. It is
advantageous as preparatory to this line of treatment first to neutralize
the acidify of the cavity Avith an alkaline solution, which may be either
ammonia, sodium carbonate, or sodium dioxid, afterward removing the
excess of alkali by thorough washing with warm water.
Treatment of Hypersensitivity of Dentin by Electrical
Osmosis.
Within a recent period a means of treatment of this condition has
become prevalent which has been designated by the terms cata-
PHORESIS, ELECTRICAL DIFFUSION, and ELECTRICAL OSMOSIS. It
has been demonstrated that the action of electrical currents conveys
fluids, with the substances held in solution, from the positive elec-
trode toward the negative electrode. Further, that an electrical
current ])assing through a membrane accelerates the natural process
of osmotic diffusion if the positive pole is applied on the side of a
membrane or tissue from which the osmotic diffusion is taking place
in case the situation of the poles be reversed, the osmosis is retarded or
prevented from occurrence or is reversed. This action bears some
analogy to that which takes place in electro-metallurgy when a metal
in solution is conveyed from the anode (positive pole), and is deposited
upon the cathode (negative pole). If the current be reversed the
deposited metal is again taken up In' the solution and is conveyed
back again to the other pole. This is a law connected with the
passage of electrical currents through fluids which are capable of con-
duction.
The following will illustrate the action which takes place : " If two
compartments separated by a membrane arc filled with a fluid and in
each an electrode is placed, there is a streaming of the fluid through the
septum from the positive to the negative pole, so that in time there is
an increase in the negative side. This osmotic action, as is w'cll known,
occurs naturally between two fluids of unequal density from the lighter
to the denser liquid, but if the anode is placed in the denser liquid
194 PRELIMINARY PREPARATION OF CAVITIES, ETC.
means of gutta-percha, or with what is probably better, a thin paste of
phosphate of zinc laid over the dressing. After some days the pain will
be found diminished in many instances. The therapeusis is effected by
the absorption of these sedatives by the partially disorganized tissues.
Another method of applying cocain is to secure the cavity from the
entrance of moisture, and after desiccating the surface a saturated
pledget of vapocain, a solution of cocain in sulfuric ether, is introduced.
As evaporation of the ether takes place cocain is forced by osmosis into
the tissue. In cases of subacute sensitivity this means frequently is
efficacious, but is of little value in hypersensitive conditions. It is
advantageous as preparatory to this line of treatment first to neutralize
the acidify of the cavity Avith an alkaline solution, which may be either
ammonia, sodium carbonate, or sodium dioxid, afterward removing the
excess of alkali by thorough washing with warm water.
Treatment of Hypersensitivity of Dentin by Electrical
Osmosis.
Within a recent period a means of treatment of this condition has
become prevalent which has been designated by the terms cata-
PHORESIS, ELECTRICAL DIFFUSION, and ELECTRICAL OSMOSIS. It
has been demonstrated that the action of electrical currents conveys
fluids, with the substances held in solution, from the positive elec-
trode toward the negative electrode. Further, that an electrical
current ])assing through a membrane accelerates the natural process
of osmotic diffusion if the positive pole is applied on the side of a
membrane or tissue from which the osmotic diffusion is taking place
in case the situation of the poles be reversed, the osmosis is retarded or
prevented from occurrence or is reversed. This action bears some
analogy to that which takes place in electro-metallurgy when a metal
in solution is conveyed from the anode (positive pole), and is deposited
upon the cathode (negative pole). If the current be reversed the
deposited metal is again taken up In' the solution and is conveyed
back again to the other pole. This is a law connected with the
passage of electrical currents through fluids which are capable of con-
duction.
The following will illustrate the action which takes place : " If two
compartments separated by a membrane arc filled with a fluid and in
each an electrode is placed, there is a streaming of the fluid through the
septum from the positive to the negative pole, so that in time there is
an increase in the negative side. This osmotic action, as is w'cll known,
occurs naturally between two fluids of unequal density from the lighter
to the denser liquid, but if the anode is placed in the denser liquid
