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— CHAPTER II. CHARACTERISTICS. Pyorrhoea alveolaris may appear upon any aspect of a root, but most frequently affects the approximal faces. While a pus " pocket" exists upon the labial face—for ex- ample—of an inferior incisor root, each approximal face may also present a "pocket," as well as the lingual face, and each of these " pockets w be entirely separate from the others. In some instances two " pockets w upon the same root will be found connected by a gallery) this connecting gallery may remain concealed from the operator's observation, and cause him much embarrassment in treatment. AS TO GALLERIES. Galleries are not common to all pus "pockets"—for which one may be thankful, but are more frequently present than may be supposed. I am satisfied that galleries are directly re- sponsible for many failures where operators have been skillful and painstaking in treatment. They are to be found in at least two varieties simple and blind. Simple galleries connect two " pockets," while blind galleries, having but one opening, are confined to a single " pocket." The simple galleries are the more easily discovered, because water forced into one of the two connected " pockets " will pass through the gallery and ap- pear at the opening of the other " pocket." Blind galleries must be discovered by careful probing.