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afterwards runs in a very winding direction towards the back
part of the antrum maxillare; it here sends numerous
branches to the parts belonging to both jaws, and to the
teeth of the upper jaw. It then gives off one branch to
the lower jaw, called by some the inferior maxillary, and by
others the dental. This enters the jaw bone at the poste-
rior maxillary foramen, passes through the maxillary canal,
and gives off branches to the fangs of each tooth, and also
supplies the substance of the bone. This vessel having sent
a branch to the incisores, passes out at the anterior maxilla-
ry foramen ; it is distributed to the gums, and communicates
upon the chin with branches of the facial artery.
The nerves which are distributed to the teeth arise from
the fifth pair, the trigemini. This pair of nerves divides into
three branches ; the ophthalmic, the superior maxillary, and
the inferior maxillary. The ophthalmic branch passes
through the foramen lacerum of the orbit, and is distributed
to the parts in the neighbourhood of the eye. The superior
maxillary nerve goes out at the foramen rotundum of the
sphenoid bone, and divides into several branches, being con-
tinued to the posterior part of the nose, the palate, velum
palati, and contiguous parts. At the posterior part, small
filaments of nerves, accompanying branches of arteries, en-
ter the superior maxillary bone by foramina, which lead to
the molares and also to the membrane lining the antrum
maxillare. The nerve then goes into the canal under the
orbit and forms the infra orbitar nerve. Whilst in the ca-
nal, it sends off branches to the bicuspides, cuspidati, and in-
cisores ; it afterwards passes out at the foramen infra orbita-
rium, and is distributed upon the cheek, under eyelid, upper
lip, and side of the nose.
The inferior maxillary nerve passes through the foramen
ovale of the sphenoid bone, and is distributed to the muscles