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244 OPERATIVE DENTISTRY
the hands of a friend or grasp the arm or seat of the chair, instruct-
ing him to give a vigorous pull just as you start to extract the
tooth. This may assist him to endure the pain which is sometimes
unavoidable when local or general anesthetics are contraindicated.

Fig. 118.—Mesial and distal application of forceps to a superior right cuspid when both
adjacent teeth have been extracted in advance of the cuspid. The forceps illustrated is the
author's No. 4.
In Superior, Central and Lateral Incisors traction or force is ap-
plied parallel to its long axis. Next rotation. Why? Because this
is a single-rooted tooth and the root is slightly rounded. Also,
should any of the adhering portions of the alveolar process be in
danger of removal, the rotary motion will loosen that portion from
the tooth.