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254 THE TECHNICAL, PROCEDURES IN FILLING TEETH.
Formula Names of Pluogee Points and Bulks foe theie Measukement.
(1) The size of the ivorking face of the plugger is given in tenths of a milli-
meter as the unit, the length of the nib in millimeters, and the angle of the nib with
the shaft in eentigrades.
(2) If the plugger is round, the diameter is given, followed by the length of the
nib, and this by the angle with the shaft, thus: 5-10-3. The name is, plugger 5-10-3.
(3) When the point has the form of a square or a parallelogram, both dimen-
sions are given, thus: 12x6-6-10.
(4) When a pair is formed by placing the broad sides of the nibs in opposite
relations to the angle of the nibs (see the first two pairs reading from right to left
of figure) that dimension in the plane of the angle is placed first as 12x6-6-10 and
6x12-6-10. The first of these is the hatchet form, the second the hoe form.
(5) Foot pluggers have the working face on the distal side of the nib instead
of on its end. They may be measured in the same way as others. The working face
of the nib may be its full length or it may be shorter. Therefore, the working face
of the plugger is given in the same way as other parallelograms. The distance of the
toe of the foot plugger from the central line of the shaft is the length, and the angle
of the working face with the shaft is its angle. This is illustrated by the three foot
pluggers on the left in the picture. The full name will be, foot plugger 20x5-2-18, etc.
Ordinarily in naming plugger points, we may say plugger 5-10-3, plugger 10-10-3,
or plugger 1:^x6-6-10, or for the last the term parallelogram plugger 12x6-6-10 is
often used, but as the 12x6 gives the parallelogram form, this mention is unnecessary.
In naming pluggers, the sub-class names may be used when necessary, as bayonet
plugger 5-2, or the fuller formula would be 5-2-0, indicating that the nib is parallel
with the shaft. There is generally no necessity for the mention of such sub-class
names as monangle or contra-angle in speaking of pluggers, but these may be used
when they seem necessary. It is, however, necessary to mention the name, foot plug-
ger, because this form is not indicated without.
Special Uses of Pluggee Points.
The round instrument, 5-10-3, in connection with the holding instrument, is used
(see Figures 3-11, 342) for starting fillings in convenience points.
The round plugger, 7Vo-10-3, is used sometimes for starting fillings instead of the
5-10-3 and also for doing some portions of condensing gold.
The round plugger, 10-10-3, may be used in any position where a large condensing
point is required, except in wedging against walls.
The parallelogram pluggers, 12x6-6-10, 6x12-6-10, are used especially for packing
gold in mesial portion of mesio-occlusal cavities (see Figures 344, 347) and for doing
the bulk of gold building in most of the proximo-occlusal cavities, including hand-
pressure work in the distal portion of disto-ocelusal cavities.
The parallelogram pluggers, 10x6-3-3, 6x10-3-3, may be used as smaller points in
condensing against walls, as occasion may require in molars and bicuspids and for
the bulk of the work in incisors.
A pair of larger parallelogram points, contra-angled, 14x8-6-10, 8x14-6-10, for
use when large condensers may be used with the hand mallet, are recommended but
not illustrated. Also a pair 12x6-3-3, 6x12-3-3, not illustrated.
The bayonet 5-2-0 can be of service occasionally in building against the labial
wall of incisor proximal cavities, working from the labial.
The 5-3-23 and 5-2-23 are used by hand pressure only. They are intended espe-
cially for filling the incisal anchorage in incisor proximal cavities.
Foot pluggers, 20x5-2-18, 15x5-3-18, 15x5-5-12. are intended for use in reaching
into the embrasures for condensation of gold along the buccal and lingual margins
of cavities.
Back-action pluggers for distal cavities in lower molars and bicuspids, especially
those with a lingual inclination. See Figures 325, 326, 327.
Direct quadrangle after condensers for gingival margins of proximal cavities in
front teeth and of mesial cavities in back teeth. See Figures 328. 32!1, 330.
Reverse quadrangle after condensers for condensing gingival margins of distal
fillings in back teeth. Figures 331, 332.